What type of system is required to achieve dynamic equilibrium in a chemical reaction?

To achieve dynamic equilibrium in a chemical reaction, a closed system is essential. In a closed system, the reactants and products are contained in such a way that they can interact, but there is no exchange of matter with the surroundings. This confinement allows the rates of the forward and reverse reactions to balance each other out, leading to a state where the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant over time.

In dynamic equilibrium, the system is not static; rather, reactions continue to occur in both directions at equal rates, ensuring that there is no net change in concentration. If the system were open, reactants could enter or products could escape, disrupting the equilibrium. A static system, on the other hand, does not involve any reaction occurring, which means it cannot achieve equilibrium since there is no dynamic aspect to maintain balance. Therefore, a closed system is the only option that allows the establishment of a sustainable dynamic equilibrium in a chemical reaction.